Contributions of the specialised DNA polymerases to replication of structured DNA |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China;2. College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China;3. Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701;4. Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701;1. School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China;2. Clean Energy Technology Laboratory, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, PR China;1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN;;2. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany;;3. Departments of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, St. Jude Children''s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN;;4. Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN;;5. Cancer Center and Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Regent''s University, Augusta, GA;;6. Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA;;7. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Inflammatory Diseases Institute, Departments of Genetics and Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC;;8. The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA;;9. Dipartimento di afferenza Medicina, Verona University, Verona, Italy; and;10. Centre for Biological Signaling Studies BIOSS, Freiburg, Germany;1. College of Life Science, Yan´an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China;2. Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China;3. Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Panyu District, Guangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | It is becoming increasingly clear that processive DNA replication is threatened not only by DNA damage but also by secondary structures that can form in the DNA template. Failure to resolve these structures promptly leads to both genetic instability, for instance DNA breaks and rearrangements, and to epigenetic instability, in which inaccurate propagation of the parental chromatin state leads to unscheduled changes in gene expression. Multiple overlapping mechanisms are needed to deal with the wide range of potential DNA structural challenges to replication. This review focuses on the emerging mechanisms by which specialised DNA polymerases, best known for their role in the replication of damaged DNA, contribute to the replication of undamaged but structured DNA, particularly G quadruplexes. |
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| Keywords: | Replication DNA secondary structures DNA polymerases Translesion synthesis G quadruplex |
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