Examination of the role of dreissenids and macrophytes in the phosphorus dynamics of Lake Simcoe,Ontario, Canada |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada;2. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada;1. Department of Mathematics, School of Natural Sciences, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, Kozhikode 673 601, India;2. Division of Electronic Engineering, and Advanced Research Center of Electronics and Information, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-Si 54896, South Korea;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. Royal Observatory of Belgium, Avenue Circulaire 3, 1180 Brussels, Belgium;2. University of Mons, Service de Géologie fondamentale et appliqué, Rue de Houdain, 9, 7000 Mons, Belgium;3. Belgian Royal Institute of Natural Sciences, Earth and Life History, Rue Jenner, 13, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;1. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People''s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China;2. Department of Cardiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University No. 139, People Street (M.), Changsha 410011, China;3. Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China;4. Department of Cardiology, Peking University People''s Hospital, No. 11 Xi Zhi Men Nan Da Jie, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China;1. VITROCISET Belgium SPRL, A Leonardo Company, Bratustrasse 7, Darmstadt, D-64293, Germany;2. Météo-France, CNRS, CNRM, Centre d''Etudes de la Neige, Grenoble, France;3. Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Our study examines the relative importance of the causal linkages between exogenous total phosphorus (TP) loading and internal nutrient recycling with the water quality conditions in Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada. We enhance the mechanistic foundation of a simple TP mass-balance model, originally developed to guide the eutrophication management in the system. The structural improvements include the incorporation of macrophyte dynamics, the explicit representation of the role of dreissenids in the system, and the improved portrayal of the interplay between water column and sediments. Our model provides good agreement with the observed TP variability in the system during the study period (1999–2007). Consistent with empirical evidence, our model predicts that macrophyte uptake from the interstitial waters is responsible for a significant loss of P from the sediments. Our model also suggests that dreissenids filter a considerable amount of particulate P from the water column, but the effective clearance rate is significantly lower with a substantial amount of the filtered particles (> 85%) returned into the water column as faeces, pseudofeces or other metabolic excreta. P diffusive fluxes from the sediments account for about 30–35% of the exogenous P loading in Lake Simcoe. The sediments in the main basin are mostly driven by fast diagenetic processes of settling organic matter from the epilimnion, suggesting an internal P loading of 9.2 tonnes yr− 1. Finally, our study attempts to explain the lack of distinct decreasing trends in ice-free TP concentrations after the invasion of dreissenid mussels, suggesting that the presence of active nutrient recycling pathways, potentially magnified by the particular morphological features and hydrodynamic patterns of Lake Simcoe, could counterbalance the direct effects of dreissenid filtration. |
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