Alexandrium pacificum Litaker sp. nov (Group IV): Resting cyst distribution and toxin profile of vegetative cells in Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia,Southern Mediterranean Sea) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS, 6249 Besançon, France;2. Institut Supérieur de Pêche et d’Aquaculture de Bizerte, Unité de recherche, Exploitation des Milieux Aquatiques, Errimel, B.P.15, 7080 Bizerte, Tunisie;3. Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), Laboratoire Milieu Marin, Centre la Goulette, La Goulette, Tunisie;4. Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, FSB, Zarzouna, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisie;5. IFREMER—Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, 29900 Concarneau, France;6. UMR MARBEC 9190 IRD-Ifremer-UM-CNRS, Université de Montpellier, cc93, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK;2. Marine Biological Association of the UK, The Laboratory, The Citadel, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK;1. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;2. Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Rd, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia;3. Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;1. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;2. Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, IFOP, Balmaceda 252, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile;3. Centro i-mar, Universidad de los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile;4. Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Biología Marina, Programa de Doctorado en Biología y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Católica del Norte, Chile;1. IFREMER, DYNECO/PELAGOS, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France;2. IFREMER, DYNECO, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France |
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| Abstract: | A high spatial resolution sampling of Alexandrium pacificum cysts, along with sediment characteristics (% H2O, % organic matter (OM), granulometry), vegetative cell abundance and environmental factors were investigated at 123 study stations in Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia). Morphological examination and ribotyping of cells obtained from a culture called ABZ1 obtained from a cyst isolated in lagoon sediment confirmed that the species was A. pacificum. The toxin profile from the ABZ1 culture harvested during exponential growth phase was simple and composed of the N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins C1 (9.82 pg toxin cell−1), the GTX6 (3.26 pg toxin cell−1) and the carbamoyl toxin Neo-STX (0.38 pg toxin cell−1). The latter represented only 2.8% of the total toxins in this strain.High abundance of A. pacificum cysts correlated with enhanced percentages of water and organic matter in the sediment. In addition, sediment fractions of less than 63 μm were examined as a favorable potential seedbed for initiation of future blooms and outbreaks of A. pacificum in the lagoon. A significant difference in the cyst distribution pattern was recorded among the lagoon's different zones, with the higher cyst abundance occurring in the inner waters. Also, no correlation due to the specific hydrodynamics of the lagoon was observed in the spatial distribution of A. pacificum cysts and vegetative cells. |
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| Keywords: | Cysts Vegetative cells Ribotype Toxin profile Mapping |
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