Cryopreservation of red blood cells: Effect on rheologic properties and associated metabolic and nitric oxide related parameters |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany;2. The German Research Centre of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany;1. Division of Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA;2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA;3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA;1. Diabetology–Metabolism Department, Sorbonne University, APHP, Institut Hospitalo–Universitaire de Cardiometabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, F75013 Paris, France;2. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), F-75013, Paris, France;3. Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases Department, Reference Center for Rare Pituitary Diseases (HYPO), Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, APHP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France;4. Team CMPLI, Inserm U1133, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8251, University of Paris, Paris, France;5. Oncology Department, Sorbonne University, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, F75013, Paris, France;6. Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, USA;1. Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijojikitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8633, Japan;2. Hyogo prefectural institute of technology, yukihira-cho 3-1-12, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0037, Japan;3. Department of Physics, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1337, Japan;1. Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, 8249 114th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R8, Canada;2. The Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;1. Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230027, China;2. Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230027, China;3. Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China;4. School of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, WA 98195, USA;1. Milos Bohonek, Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Military University HospitalPrague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague,Czech Republic;2. International Consultancy in Strategic Safety Improvements of Blood-Derived Bioproducts and Suppliers Quality Audit / Inspection, London, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | AimHigh glycerol cryopreservation of red blood cells (RBCs) reduces metabolic processes at ultralow temperatures but less is known regarding the effect of cryopreservation on RBC nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, haemorheological properties, structural behaviour and membrane fragility.MethodsBlood from ten healthy participants was sampled, glycerolized and stored at ?80 °C (SB). Aliquots were thawed and further processed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. At these time points, fresh blood (FB) was additionally sampled from each participant. FB/SB mixtures were prepared corresponding to transfusion of 1–3 blood bags. Additionally, mixtures were exposed to shear stress similar to that found in the circulation and deformability was measured to estimate possible behaviour of cryopreserved RBC in vivo.ResultsAgeing of RBC was reduced during cryopreservation. Markers for RBC metabolism (ATP, 2,3-DPG) were not altered but RBC sodium levels increased and potassium and calcium decreased, respectively. Mean cellular volume was higher and accordingly, mean cellular haemoglobin concentration was lower in SB. Deformability was altered during storage with less shear stress necessary to deform RBCs. Changes were also detectable in blood mixtures. Deformability remained unaltered in shear stress settings in FB and SB. RBC viscosity was reduced in SB. RBC-NOS content and phosphorylation sites as well as nitrite and RxNO levels seem not to be affected by the intervention.ConclusionCryopreservation maintains RBC metabolic function in vitro, but structure and function of cryopreserved RBC seems to be altered. Impact of these alterations in vivo seems to be less but needs further investigation. |
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| Keywords: | Cryopreservation Red blood cell membrane Haemorheology Nitric oxide Nitric oxide synthase III Red blood cell storage Red blood cell ageing |
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