Hip chondrolabral mechanics during activities of daily living: Role of the labrum and interstitial fluid pressurization |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Bioengineering, and Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States;2. Department of Orthopedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;3. Department of Bioengineering, Department of Orthopaedics, and Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;2. University of Connecticut, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Storrs, CT, USA;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA;4. University of Connecticut Health Center, Orthopedic Surgery, Farmington, CT, USA;1. Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;1. Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, UK;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, China;1. MSk Lab, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, England;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, England;3. Department of Orthopaedics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, England;4. Fortius Clinic, London, England |
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| Abstract: | Osteoarthritis of the hip can result from mechanical factors, which can be studied using finite element (FE) analysis. FE studies of the hip often assume there is no significant loss of fluid pressurization in the articular cartilage during simulated activities and approximate the material as incompressible and elastic. This study examined the conditions under which interstitial fluid load support remains sustained during physiological motions, as well as the role of the labrum in maintaining fluid load support and the effect of its presence on the solid phase of the surrounding cartilage. We found that dynamic motions of gait and squatting maintained consistent fluid load support between cycles, while static single-leg stance experienced slight fluid depressurization with significant reduction of solid phase stress and strain. Presence of the labrum did not significantly influence fluid load support within the articular cartilage, but prevented deformation at the cartilage edge, leading to lower stress and strain conditions in the cartilage. A morphologically accurate representation of collagen fibril orientation through the thickness of the articular cartilage was not necessary to predict fluid load support. However, comparison with simplified fibril reinforcement underscored the physiological importance. The results of this study demonstrate that an elastic incompressible material approximation is reasonable for modeling a limited number of cyclic motions of gait and squatting without significant loss of accuracy, but is not appropriate for static motions or numerous repeated motions. Additionally, effects seen from removal of the labrum motivate evaluation of labral reattachment strategies in the context of labral repair. |
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| Keywords: | Hip Cartilage mechanics Labrum Biphasic Finite element |
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