A catalogue of Triticum monococcum genes encoding toxic and immunogenic peptides for celiac disease patients |
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Authors: | Patrizia Vaccino Heinz-Albert Becker Andrea Brandolini Francesco Salamini Benjamin Kilian |
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Affiliation: | 1.Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura-Unità di Ricerca per la Selezione dei Cereali e la Valorizzazione delle varietà vegetali (CRA-SCV),S. Angelo Lodigiano (LO),Italy;2.Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics,Max Planck Institute For Plant Breeding Research,Cologne,Germany;3.Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano,Lodi,Italy;4.Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Genebank/Genome Diversity,Gatersleben,Germany |
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Abstract: | The celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory condition characterized by injury to the lining of the small-intestine on exposure to the gluten of wheat, barley and rye. The involvement of gluten in the CD syndrome has been studied in detail in bread wheat, where a set of “toxic” and “immunogenic” peptides has been defined. For wheat diploid species, information on CD epitopes is poor. In the present paper, we have adopted a genomic approach in order to understand the potential CD danger represented by storage proteins in diploid wheat and sequenced a sufficiently large number of cDNA clones related to storage protein genes of Triticum monococcum. Four bona fide toxic peptides and 13 immunogenic peptides were found. All the classes of storage proteins were shown to contain harmful sequences. The major conclusion is that einkorn has the full potential to induce the CD syndrome, as already evident for polyploid wheats. In addition, a complete overview of the storage protein gene arsenal in T. monococcum is provided, including a full-length HMW x-type sequence and two partial HMW y-type sequences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
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Keywords: | Einkorn wheat Celiac disease Gluten Gliadins Glutenins Epitopes |
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