新疆伊贝母有效成分含量与气候因子相关性分析

应用系统相关分析法和灰色关联度分析法，研究伊贝母(新疆贝母Fritillaria walujewii、伊犁贝母F. pallidiflora)有效成分含量与气候因子的相关性，筛选影响其质量的主导因子。结果表明，新疆不同产地气候因子存在较大差异，伊贝母总生物碱和西贝母碱含量与年均气温、地面温度、日照时数、相对湿度、降水量等5个气候因子无显著相关性；西贝母碱苷含量与年均相对湿度有极显著正相关(P<0.01)，与年均地面温度有显著正相关(P<0.05)，与年均日照时数有显著负相关(P<0.05)；水溶性成分腺苷含量与年均降水量和地面温度均有显著正相关(P<0.05)；水溶性成分β-胸苷含量与年均气温、相对湿度和地面温度均有显著正相关(P<0.05)，与年均日照时数有显著负相关(P<0.05)。上述相关分析结果与灰色关联度分析结果一致。年均气温、降水量、相对湿度和地面温度升高有助于伊贝母中西贝母碱苷、腺苷和β-胸苷的形成与积累，年均日照时数升高则抑制西贝母碱苷和β-胸苷的形成与积累。伊贝母最佳适宜生长的气候条件为年均气温13～27℃，降水量169～288 mm，相对湿度55%～66%，日照时数2140～2547 h，地面温度26～41 ℃。

Relationships Between Active Ingredient Content of Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae and Climatic Factors from Xinjiang

The correlation between climate factors and contents of ingredient of bulbus fritillariae pallidiflorae was studied by method of correlation analysis and gray correlation analysis, and the leading affecting factors were also screened out. The results showed that the climatic factors varied greatly in different places of Xinjiang. The content of alkaloids and sipeimine have no significant correlation with average annual temperature, ground temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity, rainfall. The content of sipeimine-3β-D-glucoside have significant positive correlation with relative humidity (P<0.01) and ground temperature (P<0.05) but have significant negative correlation with sunshine hours(P<0.05). The content of adenosine have significant positive correlation with rainfall and ground temperature (P<0.05). The content of thymidine have significant positive correlation with average annual temperature, ground temperature, relative humidity (P<0.05) but have significant negative correlation with sunshine hours(P<0.05). This result was consistent with the gray correlation analysis results. The best climate conditions for average temperature was 13—27℃, precipitation was 169—288 mm, sunshine hours was 2140—2547 h, the ground temperature was 26—41℃. The average temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, ground temperature played a role in the promoting synthesis and metabolism of ingredient, but the sunshine hours was inhibition synthesis and metabolism of ingredient of bulbus fritillariae pallidiflorae. The best climate of bulbus fritillariae pallidiflorae to select its GAP cultivation base, this has best significance for synthesis and accumulation of the major active ingredient of bulbus fritillariae pallidiflorae.