Subcutaneous Fat Shows Higher Thyroid Hormone Receptor‐α1 Gene Expression Than Omental Fat |
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| Authors: | Francisco J Ortega José M Moreno‐Navarrete Vicent Ribas Eduardo Esteve Jose I Rodriguez‐Hermosa Bartomeu Ruiz Belén Peral Wifredo Ricart Antonio Zorzano José M Fernández‐Real |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona and CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain;2. Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, Institute for Research in Biomedicine and CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain;3. Department of Surgery, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain;4. Department of Endocrinology, Physiopathology and Nervous System, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The aims of this work were to evaluate thyroid hormone receptor‐α (TRα), TRα1, and TRα2 mRNA gene expression and TRα1:TRα2 ratio, identified as candidate factors for explaining regional differences between human adipose tissue depots. TRα, TRα1, and TRα2 mRNA levels, and the gene expressions of arginine–serine‐rich, splicing factor 2 (SF2), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (hnRNP H1), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1), and Spot 14 (S14) were evaluated in 76 paired adipose tissue samples obtained from a population of 38 women who varied widely in terms of obesity and body fat distribution. Gene expression for these factors was also studied in stromal‐vascular cells (SVCs) and mature adipocytes (MAs) from eight paired fat depots. TRα gene and TRα1 mRNA expression were increased 1.46‐fold (P = 0.006) and 1.80‐fold (P < 0.0001), respectively, in subcutaneous (SC) vs. visceral fat. These differences in gene expression levels were most significant in the obese group, in which the TRα1:TRα2 ratio was 2.24‐fold (P < 0.0001) higher in SC vs. visceral fat. S14 gene expression was also increased by 2.42‐fold (P < 0.0001) and correlated significantly with TRα and TRα1 gene expression and with the TRα1:TRα2 ratio. In agreement with these findings, hnRNP A1:SF2 ratio was decreased by 1.39‐fold (P = 0.001). TRα and S14 levels were 2.1‐fold (P < 0.0001) and 112.4‐fold (P < 0.0001), respectively, higher in MAs than in SVCs from both fat depots. In summary, genes for TR‐α, their upstream regulators, and downstream effectors were differentially expressed in SC vs. omental (OM) adipose tissue. Our findings suggest that TRα1 could contribute to SC adipose tissue expandability in obese subjects. |
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