交通网络空间互动视角下生态足迹驱动机制

长江中游城市群是中部崛起战略的重要区域,同时依托长江黄金水道面临发展和保护的困境。交通网络空间互动视角下的生态足迹驱动机制研究对统筹长江中游城市群经济社会高质量发展和生态文明高水平建设以实现可持续发展具有重要意义。基于生态足迹模型测度了长江中游城市群县域尺度的可持续发展状况,并在STIRPAT模型框架下基于交通网络空间互动关系挖掘生态足迹的驱动机制和空间效应,为交通网络扩张背景下的跨区域生态治理与可持续发展提供参考。研究结果显示：(1)2010—2017年,长江中游城市群县域生态足迹均值有所下降;(2)道路交通网络和铁路交通网络规模均有所扩大,但连通性略有下降;(3)在基于交通网络构建的空间互动媒介下,城镇化率和人均GDP对生态足迹具有显著的促进作用,而第三产业增加值占比对生态足迹产生抑制影响,且生态足迹表现出积极的空间外溢效应。基于以上研究结果,建议在基于交通网络加强区域生态协同发展的同时,建设产业互促、资源互通、技术互享的区域联动可持续发展新格局。

Driving mechanism of ecological footprint from the perspective of spatial interaction of transportation network

The urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is the key area for the Central Region Rise Strategy in China. This area has long been confronted with the dilemma of development and protection. Research on the driving mechanism of ecological footprint from the perspective of spatial interaction of transportation network is of great significance for coordinating the high-quality socio-economic development and the high-level ecological civilization construction to achieve sustainable development. This paper internalizes the transportation network as a "channel" for the spatial interaction of ecological footprints between county units to explore the path of ecologically coordinated development. First, we used a ecological footprint model to assess the sustainable development level. The indicator of ecological footprint is an extensive and comprehensive measure of sustainable development. Second, complex network model was employed to characterize the scale and connectivity of the transportation network. Third, we established a transportation spatial interaction relationship based on the gravity model, and embed the "transportation" spatial weight matrix into the spatial econometric model. Integrated with the STIRPAT model, the model is established to explore the spatial effect of the transportation network on ecological footprint and the driving factors of ecological footprint. The results show that:(1) from 2010 to 2017, the average value of the ecological footprint for counties in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has decreased from 1.73 to 1.66. (2) The scales of the road transportation network and the railway transportation network have both expanded, whereas the connectivity has decreased. (3) The spatial dependence of the ecological footprint was confirmed, and the ecological footprint shows a positive spatial spillover influence through the transportation network. This spatial influence had slighty enhanced from 2010 to 2017. The urbanization and per capita GDP have significantly positively influenced the ecological footprint, and the proportion of the tertiary sector to the total GDP negatively influenced ecological footprint. The research implies that the overall level of sustainable development of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration has improved; the inter-regional sustainable development is strengthened by the spatial influence of the transportation network. In addition, socio-economic development has exacerbated unsustainability, while industrial transformation and upgrading showed a positive influence. In the future, while strengthening regional ecological integration based on transportation networks, a new pattern of sustainable development with regional linkages through the interaction of industries, exchange of resources, and sharing of technologies should be established.