杜仲雌雄株树皮和叶片中氨基酸及其含量的研究

杜仲（ＥｕｃｏｍｍｉａｕｌｍｏｉｄｅｓＯｌｉｖ）是我国特有的雌雄异株植物，具有极高的药用价值、工业价值和观赏价值。主要依靠种子繁殖。为了有计划地进行定性栽培，就需要对幼龄植株进行早期性别鉴定。许多生理指标都可能作为性别鉴定的依据。通过对杜仲中氨基酸含量和组成的分析表明，不同性别植株树皮和叶片中均含有被分析的１７种氨基酸，其中胱氨酸和蛋氨酸在雌雄株间差异明显，雄株树皮和叶片中胱氨酸的含量分别高出雌株７６．９８％和４５．０４％；树皮和叶片中蛋氨酸含量雌株分别高出雄株２０．５０％和１８．７７％。这是否反映了杜仲雌雄的性别差异，值得探讨。必需氨基酸总量在树皮和叶片中均表现为雌株高于雄株，且叶片中必需氨基酸总量高于树皮中的含量。

Study on Amino Acid Composition and Content in Bark and Leaves of Male and Female Eucommia ulmoides Oliv

Eucommia ulmoides is a peculiar dioecious plant in China. It is reproducted by seed.There are no any morphological difference between male and female plants. It is useful to identify the young plant sex. This paper indicates that the male and female plants contain 17 kinds of amino acids in bark and leaves. Among them the contents of Cys and Met are obviously different in male and female plants.The content of Cys in the male is 45. 04% in leaves and 76. 97% in bark higher than in the female.The content of Met in the male is 20. 50% in bark and 18.77% in leaves lower than in the female.The essential amino acid content of female is higher, and the content is higher in leaves than in bark.