Callus induction and plant regeneration from gladiolus

A method for the initiation of callus capable of plant regeneration from in vivo grown cormels of gladiolus (Gladiolus x grandiflorus Hort.) is described. Sliced cormels of the large-flowering hybrid, Peter Pears were cultured in vitro on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium, supplemented with various auxins. Yellow callus, which was either friable or compact, could be induced on all media tested. Callus induced on media with naphthaleneacetic acid failed to proliferate. Callus induced on media with 9 mM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid showed the best growth. Addition of micro-elements and vitamins increased the induction and growth of callus capable of plant regeneration. Explants taken from the middle part of the cormels had the highest competence for callus initiation. Callus was induced on several gladiolus hybrids and the South African species G. garnierii Klatt. Callus induction was genotype dependent and among the cultivars tested, Peter Pears and White Prosperity were superior with respect to callus production on the media with either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or picloram. Plants were regenerated from yellow compact callus of all genotypes on media containing zeatin and benzyladenine in various concentrations.Abbreviations 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - MS Murashige and Skoog basal salt and vitamins (1962) - CI callus induction medium - NAA -naphthaleneacetic acid - BA 6-benzyladenine - picloram 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid - zeatin 6-[4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enylamino]purine