How genomics can help biodiversity conservation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany;2. CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal;4. The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA;5. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333, CR, Leiden, The Netherlands;6. Wellcome Sanger Institute, Tree of Life, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK;7. NIVA - Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien, 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway;8. Centre for Coastal Research, University of Agder, Gimlemoen 25j, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway;9. Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO BOX 1066 Blinderm, 0316 Oslo, Norway;10. University of Göttingen, Department of Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Untere Karspüle, 2, 37073, Göttingen, Germany;11. Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy;12. CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 7, 4485-661, Portugal;13. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;14. BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;15. Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;16. Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Calle Americo Vespucio 26, 41092, Sevillle, Spain;17. Primate Genetics Laborator, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany;18. InBios - Conservation Genetics Lab, University of Liege, Chemin de la Vallée 4, 4000, Liege, Belgium;19. Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands;20. Center for Coastal Studies, 5 Holway Avenue, Provincetown, MA 02657, USA;21. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Fornubúðir, 5,220, Hanafjörður, Iceland;22. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain;23. Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium;24. Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA;25. University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077, Goettingen, Germany;26. Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicherstrasse 47b, D-50674, Cologne, Germany;27. Evolutionary & Organismal Biology Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China;28. Villum Center for Biodiversity Genomics, Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;29. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China;30. University of Florence, Department of Biology, Via Madonna del Piano 6, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI) 50019, Italy;31. University of Lausanne, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Le Biophore, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;32. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;33. Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Str 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany;34. Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research (BeGenDiv), Koenigin-Luise-Str 6-8, 14195 Berlin, Germany;35. Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75246, Uppsala, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches and applications in biodiversity and conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, and current shortcomings of applications. Most approaches perform best in combination with reference genomes from the target species or closely related species. We review case studies to illustrate how reference genomes can facilitate biodiversity research and conservation across the tree of life. We conclude that the time is ripe to view reference genomes as fundamental resources and to integrate their use as a best practice in conservation genomics. |
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