中国亚麻酸资源植物分布格局及其与气候和地理因子的关系

据资料统计,中国种子植物中具有开发利用价值的亚麻酸资源植物共计116科、446属、816种。该研究以大尺度的植物物种分布信息为基础,通过对中国亚麻酸资源植物及其地理、环境、气候等因子的统计分析,探讨中国亚麻酸资源植物的分布格局及其影响因子。结果表明:(1)唇形科、大戟科、豆科、蔷薇科、十字花科、葫芦科等类群中亚麻酸资源植物较为丰富且分布较广,是中国最重要的亚麻酸资源植物类群。(2)西南地区亚麻酸资源植物丰富度最高,并以此为中心向四周降低。(3)亚麻酸资源植物丰富度随着海拔的升高先增加后降低,在900m左右最丰富。(4)气候因子对亚麻酸资源植物分布影响较大,其中相对湿度、年平均温度、年降雨量是导致中国亚麻酸资源植物分布格局的主要原因,且与亚麻酸资源植物丰富度成正相关关系,而纬度、年辐射量、平均海拔等因子成负相关关系;地形因子是一个独立因子。(5)聚类分析结果将中国亚麻酸资源植物分布地划分为十类地区,一定程度上揭示了亚麻酸植物在中国的分布特点。

Distribution Patterns of Linolenic Acid Plants in China and Its Relationship with Climate and Geographical Factors

There were about 816 species linolenic acid plant resources which belong to 446 genera and 116 families in China,and their oil and linolenic acid contents of seeds were higher than 10%.In this paper,distribution patterns of linolenic acid plant resources in China and its relationship with climatic and geographical factors were investigated based on flora listsin largescale,coupled with principal component analysis.The results show that:1)Labiatae,Euphorbiaceae,Fabaceae,Rosaceae,Brassicaceae and Cucurbitaceae families have abundant linolenic acid plant resource species.2)The region species richness of linolenic acid resource plants showed trend of descend around a center (the Southwestern China).3)The altitude species richness showed unimodal pattern that increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude,with the maximum value appeared at the height of about 900 m.4)The climate factors significantly affected the distribution of linolenic acid plant resources.The relative humidity,annual average temperature and annual precipitation,were positively associated with species richness.In addition,there were negative correlations between species richness and Latitude,annual radiation quantity,mean altitude.5)China was divided into 10 distribution areas of linolenic acid resource plants by cluster analysis.Above results partly revealed the distribution characteristics of linolenic acid resource plants in China.