油橄榄加工废液对小麦和玉米种子萌发及相关酶活性的影响

用不同稀释倍数的油橄榄加工废液(OMWS)处理小麦和玉米种子,采用计数法、测量法和比色法测定了发芽率、根长和相关生化参数,以探索OMWS对种子萌发特性及相关酶活性的影响。结果表明:不同稀释倍数的OMWS对小麦和玉米种子的发芽率、发芽势和生长存在不同程度的影响;低稀释倍数(高浓度)的OMWS(原液和5倍稀释液)在抑制种子发芽的同时,对叶芽和根的生长存在延缓甚至毒害作用;随着稀释倍数的提高(浓度降低),这种抑制作用逐渐减弱,而高稀释倍数(30和50倍稀释液)处理则表现出一定程度的促生作用,这种影响存在浓度依赖性。OMWS处理同样可导致种子可溶性蛋白质含量以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性的变化,呈现高浓度抑制和低浓度诱导增强的趋势;OMWS处理后小麦和玉米根的生长与POD和PAL活性存在明显正相关性。研究认为,OMWS对小麦和玉米种子的发芽及生长存在高浓度抑制和低浓度诱导的双重作用,并可能以多酚的影响为主;鉴于OMWS中多酚及其氧化产物可能产生的高浓度抑制、植物毒性和低浓度诱导化感作用,其在用做有机肥料或土壤改良剂时应做适当稀释处理。

Effect of Olive Mill Wastewater on the Germinability and Related Enzyme Activities of Wheat and Maize Seeds

The effects of different diluted olive mill wastewater(OMWS) on the germinability and related enzyme activities of wheat and maize seeds were investigated.The germination rate,root length,and related biochemical parameters were tested using the methods of counting,weigh,and colorimetry,respectively.The results showed that the influence on the germination rate,germination vigor,and growth was based on the concentrations of OMWS.The OMWS with low dilution ratio(Original and D5) treatments were not only inhibited the seeds germination,but also delayed the growth of leafbud and root,even had more phytotoxicity.The inhibition reduced with the decreasing of OMWS concentration.However,higher dilution ratio groups(D30 and D50) promoted the seed growth behavior.The effects of OMWS on the changes in soluble protein content,catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and phenylanlanine ammonia lyase(PAL) activities also displayed the tendency of inhibition under high,and induction under low concentration.There was significant positive correlation between root length and POD and PAL activities.It was concluded from the results that the influence of OMWS on the germination and growth of wheat and maize seeds had dual effects with inhibition and induction according to the dilution of OMWS.The most important effect was possibly attributed to the contents of phenolic compounds in OMWS.In view of the phytotoxicity caused by phenolics and oxidation products,we suggest to do a dilution pretreatment when OMWS used as organic fertilizer or soil conditioner.