Towards the biocontrol of bindweeds with a mycoherbicide |
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| Authors: | G Défago HU Ammon L Cagán B Draeger MP Greaves D Guntli D Hoeke L Klimes J Lawrie Y Moënne-Loccoz B Nicolet HA Pfirter R Tabacchi P Tóth |
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| Institution: | (1) Phytopathology Group, Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, Switzerland;(2) Department of Plant Protection, Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra, Slovakia;(3) Fachbereich Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Martin-Luther Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;(4) Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, Long Ashton, Bristol, UK;(5) Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Trebon, Czech Republic;(6) UMR CNRS Ecologie Microbienne, Université t[Claude Bernard (Lyon 1), Villeurbanne, France;(7) Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland;(8) Department of Protection and Creation of Greenness, Branch for Woody Plants Biology, Slovak Academy of Science, Nitra, Slovakia |
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| Abstract: | Within the framework of the European COST Action 816, afive-year collaboration between scientists from five Europeancountries has made an important contribution to biologicalcontrol of field and hedge bindweeds (Convolvulus arvensis andCalystegia sepium, respectively). A fungus Stagonosporaconvolvuli strain LA39, able to infect both field and hedgebindweed, was found in the UK and its biocontrol efficacyimproved by optimising mass production, formulation and storagetechniques. This fungus controlled bindweeds in both a cemeteryand in maize crops. Its use fits best in an integrated pestmanagement system where a green cover controls most of the weedsexcept the bindweeds. DNA marker analyses indicate that thefungus reproduces sexually, which could be used to furtherimprove this mycoherbicide. In addition, the insect Melanagromyzaalbocilia, which itself exhibits biocontrol potential againstbindweeds, may be used in combination with LA39 to improve theability of the fungus to penetrate the stem of bindweeds.Overall, the results suggest that S. convolvuli LA39 haspromising potential as a bioherbicide for control of field andhedge bindweed. |
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| Keywords: | calystegines DNA marker integrated weed management system living mulch phytotoxins Calystegia sepium Convolvulus arvensis |
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