基于高通量测序的达氏鲟微卫星标记筛选

达氏鲟(Acipenser dabryanus)是我国特有的珍稀鱼类,主要分布在长江上游干支流。由于人类活动的影响,其种群数量急剧下降,被列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物、IUCN红色名录极危(CR)物种。本研究针对当前达氏鲟群体的濒危现状,应用微卫星标记开展达氏鲟保护遗传学研究。通过高通量测序成功筛选出25个微卫星位点,采用18尾野生个体和30尾人工繁殖个体对其多样性进行了检验,结果表明,25个位点共检测出181个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因数(A)为4~11(平均值7.2),观测杂合度(HO)为0.160~1.000(平均值0.744),期望杂合度(HE)为0.346~0.875(平均值0.727)。所有位点均不偏离"Hardy-Weinberg"平衡(P0.05),各位点间也无连锁不平衡现象。除了其中一个位点以外,所有位点的多态信息含量(PIC)均大于0.5,其多态性较好。本次筛选的微卫星位点将有助于达氏鲟资源保护和群体遗传研究。

Development of Microsatellite Loci for Dabry's Sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) Using High-Throughput Sequencing

Dabry's Sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) is an endemic freshwater fish in the mainstream of upper reaches of the Yangtze River and its tributaries in western China.Due to anthropogenic factors,the natural populations of Dabry's Sturgeon have been declining sharply in the past decades.Consequently,the species was listed as a first class protected animal by the Chinese government.And it was also listed as critical endangered in the IUCN Red List.In order to obtain the information on genetic diversity of Dabry's Sturgeon,twenty-five tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were developed from the genomic DNA using the high-throughput sequencing.The polymorphism of microsatellites was tested using 18 wild individuals and 30 artificially propagated individuals.A total of 181 alleles were found in 25 microsatellites.The number of alleles per locus (A) ranged from 4 to 11 (mean =7.2).And the observed heterozygosities (Ho) and expected heterozygosities (HE) ranged from 0.160 to 1.000 (mean =0.744) and 0.346 to 0.875 (mean =0.727),respectively.No loci significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P ＞ 0.05) and there was no significant linkage disequilibrium found between pairs of loci.All of the microsatellite markers,except one,showed polymorphism information content (PIC) values above 0.5 (Table 1).These polymorphic microsatellite loci described here will facilitate further studies on the population genetic management and conservation of Dabry's sturgeon.In this article,Table 1 shows the information of polymorphic microsatellite markers isolated from Dabry's Sturgeon.