Viruses: incredible nanomachines. New advances with filamentous phages |
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Authors: | Marcus A Hemminga Werner L Vos Petr V Nazarov Rob B M Koehorst Cor J A M Wolfs Ruud B Spruijt David Stopar |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA, Wageningen, The Netherlands 5. Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA, Wageningen, The Netherlands 2. Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland 3. Microarray Center, CRP-Santé, 84, Val Fleuri, 1526, Luxembourg, Luxembourg 4. Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ve?na pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abstract: | During recent decades, bacteriophages have been at the cutting edge of new developments in molecular biology, biophysics,
and, more recently, bionanotechnology. In particular filamentous viruses, for example bacteriophage M13, have a virion architecture
that enables precision building of ordered and defect-free two and three-dimensional structures on a nanometre scale. This
could not have been possible without detailed knowledge of coat protein structure and dynamics during the virus reproduction
cycle. The results of the spectroscopic studies conducted in our group compellingly demonstrate a critical role of membrane
embedment of the protein both during infectious entry of the virus into the host cell and during assembly of the new virion
in the host membrane. The protein is effectively embedded in the membrane by a strong C-terminal interfacial anchor, which
together with a simple tilt mechanism and a subtle structural adjustment of the extreme end of its N terminus provides favourable
thermodynamical association of the protein in the lipid bilayer. This basic physicochemical rule cannot be violated and any
new bionanotechnology that will emerge from bacteriophage M13 should take this into account. |
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