贵州省贞丰县和松桃县农业生物资源调查及物种多样性比较分析

本文以调查的行政区域(县、乡镇)、民族和生物资源用途为分析单元,采用生物多样性测度指标(物种丰富度、优势度、多样性指数、均匀度指数和相似性系数)评估了贵州省贞丰县、松桃县6乡(镇)不同民族管理利用的农业生物资源物种多样性。结果表明,两县物种的多样性水平都较高且相当,但松桃县3乡(镇)的物种多样性水平较贞丰县3镇的更高;苗族管理利用的物种多样性比布依族、土家族和汉族的更高。在农业生物资源用途分析单元内,松桃县寨英镇及布依族、土家族利用的粮食作物物种、松桃县盘石镇、正大乡和苗族利用的蔬菜及一年生经济作物物种、贞丰县鲁贡镇和松桃县寨英镇以及苗族、布依族管理的果树及多年生经济作物物种、松桃县盘石镇和苗族利用的药用植物物种的多样性比其他乡镇、民族的更高。

Investigation of Agro- biological Resources and Comparative Analysis on Species Diversity in Zhenfeng and Songtao County, Guizhou Province

Agro-biodiversity plays significant role in food production,ecosystem security and sustainable agricultural development. It is based on agricultural species diversity. Therefore, obtaining precise biodiversity information is a foundation of study and scientific decision of biodiversity conservation. In this paper, taking the survey area (county, township), nationalities and types of biological resource as the basic analysis unit, using biodiversity indexes that were composed of species richness, dominance, diversity index, Pielou index and similarity coefficient to evaluate diversity of agro-biological resource utilized by different nationalities in six townships of Zhenfeng and Songtao County. Results showed that the species diversity of the two counties are high and similar, but the level of species diversity of three towns in Songtao County was higher than the three towns of Zhenfeng County, and species diversity of Miao nationality was higher than those of Buyi, Tujia and Han nationality. In analysis unit of agro-biological resource types, the species diversity of food crop of Buyi and Tujia, food crop of Zhaiying Town in Songtao County, vegetables and annual economic crop of Miao, vegetables and annually economic crop of Panshi Town and Zhengda township in Songtao County, fruit trees and perennially economic crops of Miao and Buyi, fruit trees and perennially economic crops of Lugong Town in Zhenfeng County and Zhaiying Town in Songtao County, medicinal plants of Miao and Panshi Town in Songtao County,was higher than other towns and nationalities.