叶物候、构建消耗和偿还时间对入侵植物碳积累的影响

随着全球经济一体化进程的深入,生物入侵已成为严重的全球性问题之一.外来种入侵打破了物种生存的自然平衡,导致生态系统趋于均质化,并给社会经济发展和人类健康造成了无法估量的损失.然而,目前人们对外来种的入侵机理仍不十分清楚.叶物候如叶片发生时间、凋落时间、及由二者决定的叶寿命和叶片发育进程是植物在季节和非季节性变化的环境中为了获得碳收益所采取的适应策略.叶构建消耗是植物碳收获过程中必要的成本投入,反映了植物在叶片水平上的能量分配策略.偿还时间能在一定程度上反映叶片碳的积累情况.从叶物候、构建消耗和偿还时间入手,分析了入侵植物的资源捕获能力和成本对其碳积累的影响,并提出了今后的研究方向.

The effects of leaf phenology, construction cost and payback time on carbon accumulation in invasive plants

Biological invasions have become one of the most severe globally environmental problems with the progress of the global economic integration. Alien invasive species may affect species composition, structure and function of the invaded ecosystems and cause significant environmental damage and economic loss worldwide. Many studies have been conducted to develop the methods and techniques of managing and controlling invasive species. But relatively few studies have been conducted with the attempt to understand the invasiveness of alien species, especially those in terms of ecophysiological traits. Leaf phenology including the times of emergence and fall, longevity and the age dependent developmental process is the adaptive strategy for a plant to maximize carbon accumulation in seasonally and/or non seasonally changing environments. Leaf construction cost is the necessary investment for carbon gain, reflecting the energy allocation strategy at leaf level. Leaf payback time can also reflect the situation of carbon gain of a plant to a certain extent. Carbon gain may be associated with the invasiveness of alien plants, which can increase carbon gain through increasing leaf longevity, decreasing construction cost and payback time. In this paper, we reviews the effects of resource capture ability and cost on carbon accumulation in alien invasive plants in terms of leaf phenology, construction cost and payback time and put forward some problems that deserve being studied in the future.