Occurrence and Linkage Between Secreted Insecticidal Toxins in Natural Isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis |
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| Authors: | Sylvain Espinasse Josette Chaufaux Christophe Buisson Stéphane Perchat Michel Gohar Denis Bourguet Vincent Sanchis |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Unité de Recherches de Lutte Biologique, INRA La Minière, 78285 Guyancourt Cedex, France;(2) Aventis Crop Science, Jozef Plateaustraat 22–B 9000 Ghent, Belgium;(3) Unité de Biochimie Microbienne, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France |
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| Abstract: | Little is known about the occurrence and linkage between secreted insecticidal virulence factors in natural populations of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). We carried out a survey of 392 Bt strains isolated from various samples originating from 31 countries. The toxicity profile of the culture supernatants of these strains was determined individually against Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera) and Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera). We analyzed  -exotoxin I production and searched for the genes encoding Vip1–2, Vip3, and Cry1I toxins in 125 of these strains. Our results showed that these insecticidal toxins were widespread in Bt but that their distribution was nonrandom, with significant linkage observed between vip3 and cry1I and between vip1–2 and -exotoxin I. Strains producing significant amounts of -exotoxin I were more frequently isolated from invertebrate samples than from dust, water, soil, or plant samples. |
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