贵州特有植物长柱红山茶种群年龄结构及空间分布格局研究

为评估贵州特有植物长柱红山茶(Camellia mairei var.lapiden)的资源现状,采用样方法对其种群年龄结构和空间分布格局进行了研究。结果表明,长柱红山茶种群年龄结构为衰退型,种群密度以中龄树>老年树>幼龄树;不同发育阶段种群的空间分布格局不同,幼龄树和中龄树均呈显著集群分布,老年树接近集群分布或随机分布;种群的3个发育阶段之空间关系不密切,均表现为负相关或不相关。长柱红山茶由于其繁殖生物学特性和受其群落之种内、种间竞争及生境异质性的影响而趋于濒危和灭绝。因此,建立长柱红山茶就地保护区和开展引种栽培,扩大其栽培种植范围以增加种群数量是保护长柱红山茶种质资源的有效措施。

Age Structure and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Endemic Plant Camellia mairei var. lapidea Population in Guizhou Province, China

In order to evaluate resource statuts of Camellia mairei var. lapidea endemic in Guizhou, the age structure and spatial distribution pattern of the population were studied by quadrat method. The results showed that the age structure of C. mairei var. lapidea population was decline type. The population density was in the order of middle-age trees > old trees > young trees. Spatial distribution pattern of C. mairei var. lapidea population was different in different development stages, which young trees and middle-aged trees had cluster distribution, and old trees were nearly cluster distribution to random distribution. The spatial pattern at different development stages had negative or no relation. C. mairei var. lapidea is rare and endangered species because of propagation biological characteristics and population habitat heterogeneity. So, it was effective measure to protect C. mairei var. lapidea germplasm resources by setting up in situ reserves and increasing populations by carrying out introduction and cultivation.