Anillin and the septins promote asymmetric ingression of the cytokinetic furrow |
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Authors: | Maddox Amy Shaub Lewellyn Lindsay Desai Arshad Oegema Karen |
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Affiliation: | Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (UCSD), CMM-East Rm. 3053, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. amaddox@ucsd.edu |
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Abstract: | During cytokinesis, constriction of a cortical contractile ring generates a furrow that partitions one cell into two. The contractile ring contains three filament systems: actin, bipolar myosin II filaments, and septins, GTP-binding hetero-oligomers that polymerize to form a membrane-associated lattice. The contractile ring also contains a potential filament crosslinker, Anillin, that binds all three filament types. Here, we show that the contractile ring possesses an intrinsic symmetry-breaking mechanism that promotes asymmetric furrowing. Asymmetric ingression requires Anillin and the septins, which promote the coalescence of components on one side of the contractile ring, but is insensitive to a 10-fold reduction in myosin II levels. When asymmetry is disrupted, cytokinesis becomes sensitive to partial inhibition of contractility. Thus, asymmetric furrow ingression, a prevalent but previously unexplored feature of cell division in metazoans, is generated by the action of two conserved furrow components and serves a mechanical function that makes cytokinesis robust. |
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