The 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase for cap 1 of spliced leader RNA and U1 small nuclear RNA in Trypanosoma brucei |
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Authors: | Zamudio Jesse R Mittra Bidyottam Foldynová-Trantírková Silvie Zeiner Gusti M Lukes Julius Bujnicki Janusz M Sturm Nancy R Campbell David A |
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Institution: | Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1489, USA. |
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Abstract: | mRNA cap 1 2'-O-ribose methylation is a widespread modification that is implicated in processing, trafficking, and translational control in eukaryotic systems. The eukaryotic enzyme has yet to be identified. In kinetoplastid flagellates trans-splicing of spliced leader (SL) to polycistronic precursors conveys a hypermethylated cap 4, including a cap 0 m7G and seven additional methylations on the first 4 nucleotides, to all nuclear mRNAs. We report the first eukaryotic cap 1 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase, TbMTr1, a member of a conserved family of viral and eukaryotic enzymes. Recombinant TbMTr1 methylates the ribose of the first nucleotide of an m7G-capped substrate. Knockdowns and null mutants of TbMTr1 in Trypanosoma brucei grow normally, with loss of 2'-O-ribose methylation at cap 1 on substrate SL RNA and U1 small nuclear RNA. TbMTr1-null cells have an accumulation of cap 0 substrate without further methylation, while spliced mRNA is modified efficiently at position 4 in the absence of 2'-O-ribose methylation at position 1; downstream cap 4 methylations are independent of cap 1. Based on TbMTr1-green fluorescent protein localization, 2'-O-ribose methylation at position 1 occurs in the nucleus. Accumulation of 3'-extended SL RNA substrate indicates a delay in processing and suggests a synergistic role for cap 1 in maturation. |
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