Leptin and leptin receptor genetic variants associate with habitual physical activity and the arm body composition response to resistance training |
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| Authors: | S Walsh CJ Haddad MA Kostek TJ Angelopoulos PM Clarkson PM Gordon NM Moyna PS Visich RF Zoeller RL Seip S Bilbie PD Thompson J Devaney H Gordish-Dressman EP Hoffman Thomas B Price LS Pescatello |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT 06050, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;3. Department of Health Professions and Center for Lifestyle Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA;4. Department of Exercise Science, Totman Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;5. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;6. Department of Sport Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, 7008802, Ireland;g Exercise & Sport Performance, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, 04005, USA;h Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL 33314, USA;i Division of Cardiology, Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, Hartford, CT 06102, USA;j Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children''s National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA;k Health Sciences, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT 06604, USA |
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| Abstract: | PurposeWe investigated the influence of Leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) SNPs on habitual physical activity (PA) and body composition response to a unilateral, upper body resistance training (RT) program.MethodsEuropean-derived American volunteers (men = 111, women = 131, 23.4 ± 5.4 yr, 24.4 ± 4.6 kg·m− 2) were genotyped for LEP 19 G>A (rs2167270), and LEPR 326 A>G (rs1137100), 668 A>G (rs1137101), 3057 G>A (rs1805096), and 1968 G>C (rs8179183). They completed the Paffenbarger PA Questionnaire. Arm muscle and subcutaneous fat volumes were measured before and after 12 wk of supervised RT with MRI. Multivariate and repeated measures ANCOVA tested differences among phenotypes by genotype and gender with age and body mass index as covariates.ResultsAdults with the LEP 19 GG genotype reported more kcal/wk in vigorous intensity PA (1273.3 ± 176.8, p = 0.017) and sports/recreation (1922.8 ± 226.0, p < 0.04) than A allele carriers (718.0 ± 147.2, 1328.6 ± 188.2, respectively). Those with the LEP 19 GG genotype spent more h/wk in light intensity PA (39.7 ± 1.6) than A allele carriers (35.0 ± 1.4, p = 0.03). In response to RT, adults with the LEPR 668 G allele gained greater arm muscle volume (67,687.05 ± 3186.7 vs. 52,321.87 ± 5125.05 mm3, p = 0.01) and subcutaneous fat volume (10,599.89 ± 3683.57 vs. − 5224.73 ± 5923.98 mm3, p = 0.02) than adults with the LEPR 668 AA genotype, respectively.ConclusionLEP19 G>A and LEPR 668 A>G associated with habitual PA and the body composition response to RT. These LEP and LEPR SNPs are located in coding exons likely influencing LEP and LEPR function. Further investigation is needed to confirm our findings and establish mechanisms for LEP and LEPR genotype and PA and body composition associations we observed. |
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| Keywords: | LEP leptin PA physical activity LEPR leptin receptor SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms FAMuSS Functional Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Human Muscle Size and Strength RT resistance training PPAQ Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire EE energy expended 1RM one repetition maximum MRI magnetic resonance imaging CSA cross-sectional area |
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