综防区和化防区稻田害虫-天敌群落组成及多样性的研究

本文对长沙地区综合防治区和化学防治区稻田害虫-天敌群落特性进行了研究。 1.综防区害虫类、寄生昆虫类、蜘蛛类的种类丰富度几乎为化防区的2倍,捕食昆虫类是化防区的3倍以上。 2.利用双轴系统的二维排序表明:害虫一天敌群落的组成变化受它们所处环境和所处时间的影响,水稻品种对群落组成的影响并不重要。 3.综防区、化防区害虫-天敌群落的优势种基本一致。综防区群落各营养层的优势集中性较化防区小。 4.综防区群落的多样性高于化防区。早稻季内的多样性高于晚稻。杀虫药荆对群落多样性的影响是决定群落结构水平的重要因素,环境复杂程度主要影响群落中的稀有种类。综防区害虫-天敌群落的内部结构较化防区稳定,抗灾变能力和自动平衡的调节能力较化防区强。 5.多样性是种类丰富度和均匀性的函数。早稻季内影响多样性的主要成分是种类丰富度(占多样性变异的81.7～87.4％);晚稻季内影响多样性的主要成分是均匀性(占多样性变异的70.7—75.9％)。

STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE RICE PEST-NATURAL ENEMY COMMUNITY AND DIVERSITY UNDER IPM AREA AND CHEMICAL CONTROL AREA

In the paper, the characteristics of the pest-natural enemy communities in paddy fields were studied, in two areas in which different managemental measures were taken, i.e. integrated pest management and chemical control.1. The species richness in the pest group, parasite group and spider group in the IPM area (IPMA) was almost twice as much as those in the chemical control area (CCA). The species richness of the predator group in the IPMA was 3 times more tnan that in the CCA. 2. By using a two-dimensional...