灰布支黑豆对大豆孢囊线虫(Heteroderaglycines)14号小种的抗性遗传

大豆孢囊线虫（Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｄｅｒａ ｇｌｙｃｉｎｅｓ）是危害大豆生产的世界性病害。山西省兴县“灰布支黑豆”是对目前我国鉴定的所有流行小种表现出免疫或高抗的重要抗源。利用目前国际通用的一套鉴别寄主和小种划分标准，通过人工接种的方法，确定了１４号是北京马连洼中国农业科学院植物保护研究所实验站土壤中大豆孢囊线虫群体的主导小种。用敏感的栽培品种“冀豆７号”作母本，与灰布支黑豆杂交，采用人工接种的方法，对后代群体进行大豆孢囊线虫１４号小种的抗性鉴定。Ｆ１的２个单株都表现出抗性。随机取２个单株的Ｆ２代群体，分别测定每个群体的１１６和７８个单株。每个群体都表现出４３抗：２１感的分离比例，支持兴县灰布支黑豆对大豆孢囊线虫１４号小种的抗性是由３对基因控制、一对隐性基因对两对显性基因的上位和两对显性基因互补作用的遗传假设。随机取Ｆ３代的３０个株系，每个株系随机测定１０～１５个单株。１９抗：３８分离：７感的株系间分离比确认上述的遗传假设是正确的。

Inheritance of Resistance to Heterodera glycines Race 14 in Huibuzhi Black Bean

Heterodera glycines is the most serious disease in the world soybean (Glycine max production. Huibuzhi black beau from Xing County in Shanxi Province, China is one of the most important resistant resources. Using a set of host differentials for soybean cyst nematode and criterion of race classification as well as method of manual inoculation, race 14 was identified as a prevalent one in the soil population of the Experiment Station, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing. A sensitive variety #7 Jidou as a female donor crossed with Huibuzhi black beau. Their offsprings were investigated for resistance to race 14. Two of F1 seedlings demonstrated their resistant. Two populations in F2 including 116 seedlings and 78 seedlings in each one appeared their own seprate that was in common;43R;ZIS. A genetic hypothesis was proposed that resistance to SCN race 14 in Huibuzhi black beau was controlled by three gene pairs arose. Gene reciprocity existed among them: one recessive epistasis gene pair and two dominant complementary gene pairs. Random 30 families in F3 including 10-- 15 tested seedlings in each family were screened for resistance to SCN race 14. The segregate ratio, 19R;38Seg.:7S, among F3 families confirmed that the presented genetic hypothesis was correct.