Palynological and palaeobotanical investigations in the area of the post-medieval Helsinki Old Town |
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Authors: | Irmeli Vuorela Terttu Lempiäinen |
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Affiliation: | (1) Geological Survey of Finland, SF-02150 Espoo, Finland;(2) Dept. of Biology, University of Turku, SF-20500 Turku, Finland |
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Abstract: | Pollen, phytolith, and plant macrofossil analyses were carried out on the cultural layers of Helsinki Old Town excavated by the Helsinki City Museum and dated to the 15–17th centuries. Cultural mineral soil layers, a former ditch, a well, one waste pit, one waste heap and three house areas were investigated. The results show that-within certain limits-pollen in the mineral soil reflects the cultural changes of the local settlement from rural to urban. Among the main anthropogenic indicators, the high NAP (non-arboreal pollen) frequencies, the low pollen concentration values, and especially the high frequencies of Cichoriaceae (Liguliflorae) pollen should be emphasized. The macrofossil data were used to determine the species list of the herb pollen and to make a more detailed reconstruction of the local vegetation at Helsinki Old Town. |
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Keywords: | Early Urban Pollen Analysis Plant Macrofossil Analysis Phytoliths Medieval Time |
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