ROS and oncogenesis with special reference to EMT and stemness |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth W23F2H6, Co. Kildare, Ireland;2. Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth W23F2H6, Co. Kildare, Ireland;3. Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, D53115 Bonn, Germany;4. National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;1. Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA;2. Section on Molecular Transport, National Institute of Childhood Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA;3. Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA;4. Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA;5. Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA;6. SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA;7. School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;1. Cell Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoye Shosse, 76a, 123007 Moscow, Russia;2. Faculty of Basic Medicine, Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Prospekt, 31-5, 117192, Moscow, Russia;1. Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;2. INSERM U1045, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;3. CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;1. Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1–73, Moscow, 119991, Russia;2. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1–40, Moscow, 119991, Russia;3. Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Elevation of the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) has immense implication in the biological system. On the one hand, ROS promote the signaling cascades for the maintenance of normal physiological functions, the phenomenon referred to as redox biology, and on the other hand increased ROS can cause damages to the cellular macromolecules as well as genetic material, the process known as oxidative stress. Oxidative stress acts as an etiological factor for wide varieties of pathologies, cancer being one of them. ROS is regarded as a “double-edged sword” with respect to oncogenesis. It can suppress as well as promote the malignant progression depending on the type of signaling pathway it uses. Moreover, the attribution of ROS in promoting phenotypic plasticity as well as acquisition of stemness during neoplasia has become a wide area of research. The current review discussed all the aspects of ROS in the perspective of tumor biology with special reference to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells. |
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| Keywords: | ROS Oxidative stress Cancer EMT Hypoxia Cancer stem cells |
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