Temporal variability of aphid biological control in contrasting landscape contexts |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Computer Science, University of York, Deramore Lane, York, YO10 5GH, UK;2. Department of Geography, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;3. Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Science, Russia;4. Rothamsted Insect Survey, Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, AL5 2JQ, UK;1. Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 “Agronomie & Environnement”, ENSAIA, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518-Vandoeuvre Cedex, France;2. INRA, UMR 1121 “Agronomie & Environnement”, ENSAIA, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518-Vandoeuvre Cedex, France;3. Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137 “Écologie & Écophysiologie Forestière”, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 54500 Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy, France;4. INRA, UMR 1137 “Écologie & Écophysiologie Forestière”, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 54500 Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy, France;1. Lund University, Department of Biology, Sölvegatan 37, 22364, Lund, Sweden;2. Lund University, Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Sölvegatan 37, 22362, Lund, Sweden;3. Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 6, 03046, Cottbus, Germany;4. AGROSUP Dijon, 26 Bd du Docteur Petitjean, 21079, Dijon, France;5. Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Department of Animal Ecology & Sytematics, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Gießen, Germany;1. Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA;2. Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing 100193, PR China;2. Aix-Marseille Univ., Univ. Avignon, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France;3. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK;4. INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), Université Côte d''Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France;1. IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Université Bretagne-Loire, 35000 Rennes, France;2. IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, 35650 Le Rheu, France |
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| Abstract: | Landscape complexity may provide ecosystem services to agriculture through the provision of natural enemies of agricultural pests. Strong positive effect of adjacent semi-natural habitats on natural enemies in croplands has been evidenced, but the resulting impact on biological control remains unclear. Taking into account the temporal dynamics of pest and natural enemies in agricultural landscapes provides better resolution to the studies and better understanding of the biological control service.In this study, the population dynamics of aphids and two groups of predators (coccinellid and carabid beetles) were examined. Insects were sampled in 20 wheat fields, surrounded by structurally simple and complex landscapes in Chilean central valley. Considering the whole sampling period, the diversity of aphids and natural enemies were similar in wheat crops surrounded by both types of landscapes, and the abundance of ladybirds was higher in crops in the complex landscapes. The dynamics of predators was more advanced in complex landscapes than in the simple ones, whereas the dynamics of aphids were similar in both types of landscape. Negative correlation between abundance of predators and aphid population growth rate in both landscape contexts were observed suggesting a control of the pest population by the predators. Different temporal patterns were observed in these correlations in the two landscape contexts, which suggests differences in the biological control related to the landscape composition.The present study shows that colonization of crops by natural enemies occurs sooner in structurally complex landscapes and suggests that this early colonization may facilitate an early and efficient control of aphid populations, nevertheless the biological control efficiency seems to be higher in structurally simple landscapes later in the season. |
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| Keywords: | Aphid Biological control Coccinellid Carabid beetles Landscape Temporal dynamics |
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