Leaching and microbial treatment of a soil contaminated by sulphide ore ashes and aromatic hydrocarbons |
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Authors: | Alessandro D’Annibale Vanessa Leonardi Ermanno Federici Franco Baldi Fulvio Zecchini Maurizio Petruccioli |
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Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, University of Tuscia, Via S. C. De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;(2) Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy;(3) Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Cà Foscari University, Venice, Italy;(4) Interuniversitary Consortium “The Chemistry for the Environment”, Venice, Italy |
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Abstract: | Contaminated soil from a historical industrial site and containing sulfide ore ashes and aromatic hydrocarbons underwent sequential
leaching by 0.5 M citrate and microbial treatments. Heavy metals leaching was with the following efficiency scale: Cu (58.7%)
> Pb (55.1%) > Zn (44.5%) > Cd (42.9%) > Cr (26.4%) > Ni (17.7%) > Co (14.0%) > As (12.4%) > Fe (5.3%) > Hg (1.1%) and was
accompanied by concomitant removal of organic contaminants (about 13%). Leached metals were concentrated into an iron gel,
produced during ferric citrate fermentation by the metal-resistant strain BAS-10 of Klebsiella oxytoca. Concomitantly, the acidic leached soil was bioaugmented with Allescheriella sp. DABAC 1, Stachybotrys sp. DABAC 3, Phlebia sp. DABAC 9, Pleurotus pulmonarius CBS 664.97, and Botryosphaeria rhodina DABAC P82. B. rhodina was most effective, leading to a significant depletion of the most abundant contaminants, including 7-H-benzDE]anthracene-7-one,
9,10-anthracene dione and dichloroaniline isomers, and to a marked detoxification as assessed by the mortality test with the
Collembola Folsomia candida Willem. The overall degradation activities of B. rhodina and P. pulmonarius appeared to be significantly enhanced by the preliminary metal removal. |
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Keywords: | Metal leaching Bacterial metal precipitation Aromatic hydrocarbons Lignin-degrading enzymes Fungal bioremediation |
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