Release density,efficiency and disappearance ofTrichogramma nubilale for control of European corn borer |
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Authors: | D A Andow D R Prokrym |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 55108 St. Paul, MN, U.S.A. |
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Abstract: | We evaluated how manyTrichogramma nubilale should be released at a single location to controlOstrinia nubilalis in sweet corn. Six 8.6×16 m plots received 18.4 to 2 090 ΦΦT. nubilale/SAI when plants were in the mid to late whorl stage, where SAI, surface area index, is the plant surface area/m2. To evaluate the potential control by our releases, we exposed laboratory-rearedO. nubilalis egg masses to the released parasitoids at 4 times after the release. When an egg mass was parasitized byT. nubilale, 75.7% of the eggs in the egg mass were parasitized. We developed an equation to estimate the percent of egg masses that
a single female was expected to parasitize in a day (efficiency of parasitism) and female disappearance (death and dispersal)
rates, if both were constant during our experiment. The exponential disappearance rate was −0.52±0.03 day−1, which implied that 40% of the remaining ΦΦ disappeared per day. The efficiency of parasitism was 0.050% parasitism/Φ/SAI/day,
which implied that at least 351,000 ΦΦ/ha would be needed to achieve 90% parasitism. Clearly, forT. nubilale to be a successful biological control agent, efficiency of parasitism must be increased and disappearance rates must be reduced.
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Keywords: | Insecta Richogrammatidae Pyralidae Ostrinia nubilalis biological control inundative release |
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