PCR Detection of Oxytetracycline Resistance Genes otr(A) and otr(B) in Tetracycline-Resistant Streptomycete Isolates from Diverse Habitats |
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Authors: | Theodora L. Nikolakopoulou Sharon Egan Leo S. van Overbeek Gilliane Guillaume Holger Heuer Elizabeth M.H. Wellington Jan Dick van Elsas Jean-Marc Collard Kornelia Smalla Amalia D. Karagouni |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Botany, Microbiology Group, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Biology, 157 81, Athens, Greece;(2) Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;(3) Biological Centre, Department of Microbial Ecology, Groningen University, P.O. BOX 14, 9750 AA, Haren, The Netherlands;(4) Scientific Institute of Public Health, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;(5) Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany;(6) Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3051, USA |
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Abstract: | A range of European habitats was screened by PCR for detection of the oxytetracycline resistance genes otr(A) and otr(B), found in the oxytetracycline-producing strain Streptomyces rimosus. Primers were developed to detect these otr genes in tetracycline-resistant (TcR) streptomycete isolates from environmental samples. Samples were obtained from bulk and rhizosphere soil, manure, activated sludge and seawater. The majority of TcR streptomycetes originated from bulk and rhizosphere soil. Fewer TcR streptomycetes were isolated from manure and seawater and none from sewage. By PCR, three out of 217 isolates were shown to contain the otr(A) gene and 13 out of 217 the otr(B) gene. Surprisingly, these genes were detected in taxonomic groups not known as tetracycline-producing strains. The majority of the otr gene–carrying strains was assigned to S. exfoliatus or S. rochei and originated from all habitats from which TcR streptomycetes were obtained. Our results indicated that the occurrence of otr(A) and otr(B) genes in natural environments was limited and that otr(B), in comparison to otr(A), seemed to be more common. |
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Keywords: | tetracycline resistance genes antibiotics otr(A) otr(B) streptomycetes PCR detection |
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