TDZ-induced high frequency plant regeneration through multiple shoot formation in witloof chicory (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cichorium intybus</Emphasis> L.) |
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Authors: | Buhara Yucesan Arzu Ucar Turker Ekrem Gurel |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14280, Turkey;(2) Present address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA |
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Abstract: | A very efficient and rapid regeneration system via multiple shoot formation was developed for Cichorium intybus L. when leaf explants excised from sterile seedlings were cultured on medium supplemented with different concentrations and
combinations of various plant growth regulators. In a comparison of leaf lamina and petiole explants, lamina explants produced
over three times more shoots than petiole explants, with a mean of 7.5 shoots compared to 2.4. Of the combinations of KIN/IAA,
KIN/NAA, BAP/IAA, or BAP/NAA, 0.5 mg l−1 KIN combined with 0.3 mg l−1 IAA was the most effective, producing a mean of 19.7 shoots per lamina explant while the control treatment involving no plant
growth regulators produced no shoots at all. When either cytokinin was used alone, BAP was found nearly twice more successful
than KIN. However, the most effective treatment of all was the combination of 0.01 mg l−1 TDZ and 1.0 mg l−1 IAA, producing as many as 35.8 shoots per lamina explant. This rate of shoot regeneration is remarkably higher than those
previously reported for C. intybus, most likely due to the highly inductive effect of TDZ, which was tested for the first time in this species. Rooting of the
shoots was readily achieved on medium containing different concentrations of IAA or IBA. IAA was more effective than IBA and
resulted in the highest frequency of shoots that rooted (100%) and mean number of roots per shoot (4.2) when used at 0.5 mg l−1. Hardening off process resulted in a production of more than 80% healthy plantlets. |
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Keywords: | Cichorium intybus L Lamina explants Petiole explants Multiple shoot formation In vitro regeneration TDZ |
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