甘丙肽受体的研究进展

目前已经克隆了3种甘丙肽受体（GalR1, GalR2, GalR3），它们都是与G蛋白相偶联的受体.3种甘丙肽受体的氨基酸序列、药理学特性以及第二信使系统各不相同.GalR1/3受体可以抑制腺苷酸环化酶并可以激活钾通道，GalR2受体可以激活磷脂酶C并增加胞内钙离子浓度.用RNA印迹、反转录PCR以及原位杂交等技术对上述3种甘丙肽受体在人、大鼠和小鼠中的分布进行了研究，发现它们具有不同的分布特征，提示不同的甘丙肽受体可能参与不同的生理过程.

Progress in The Study of Galanin Receptors

Three types of galanin receptor (GalR1, GalR2, GalR3) have been cloned to date, and identified to be G-protein coupled receptors. These three galanin receptors show differences in their amino acids sequences, pharmacological properties, as well as in the second messenger system. Activation of GalR1/3 induces inhibition on adenylyl cyclase and to activate K⁺ channels, while activation of GalR2 leads to the stimulation of phospholipase C and intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilization. The distribution of the three galanin receptors in human, rats and mice have been investigated by Northern blot, RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. The different distribution of the galanin receptor indicates that galanin participates a broad range of physiological activities.