高原鼠兔在胚后发育过程中热代谢和褐色脂肪组织(BAT)的变化

高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)新生个体不能维持稳定的体温,仅具有初步的热调节能力,主要利用小气候环境和BAT产热克服低温压力,随着个体发育高原鼠兔的产热能力和隔热性都得到发展,但隔热能力比产热能力优先发育,同时BAT的重要性相对下降。体重达到成体水平后,最低代谢率高于同体重的Kleiber期望值,热传导率低于同体重的Bradley-Deavers期望值。另外,高原鼠兔通过行为热调节对生理调节加以补充。

VARIATION IN THERMAL METABOLISM AND BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE (BAT) IN POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF OCHOTONA CURZONIAE

This work was carried out at Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station at Men Yuan, Qinghai Province, from May to September in 1988 and in May, 1989. The results showed that when ambient temperature varied, new-born pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) were not able to maintain steady body temperature because they had only the initial capacity of thermoregu-lation and mainly depended on the nests underground and the developed brown adipose tissue to protect against cold temperature. Both heat insulation and thermogenesis capacity increased with corresponding decline in the importance of BAT during the development of plateau pikas, however, heat insulation has precedence in development over the thermogenesis capacity. When body weights of young pikas reached the level of adults, minimum metabolic rate was higher than the value predicted by Kleiber, and thermal conductance was lower than the value predicted by Bradey-Deavers. In addition plateau pikas complemented physiological regulation through behavioral thermoregulation. Adaptation of plateau pikas to the alpine envinment is discussed in the paper.