Reduction of chromium(VI) by D-galacturonic acid and formation of stable chromium(V) intermediates |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China;2. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, PR China;1. Department of life sciences, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and plankktonology, University of Sfax Tunisia, Faculty of Sciences, Unit UR 11 ES 72/Street of Soukra Km 3,5, B.P. 1171, CP 3000 Sfax, Tunisia;2. University of Sfax Tunisia, Faculty of Sciences, Department of life sciences, Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, B.P. 95, 3000, Tunisia;1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 212013, China;2. Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 212013, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China;4. Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China;1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China;2. The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266071, PR China;1. Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;2. Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland |
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| Abstract: | The interaction of dichromate with D-galacturonic acid in aqueous solution, as a function of pH, is described. The reaction involves the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), but the reaction rate is remarkably dependent on pH. In fact, the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) proceeds rather quickly in strongly acidic solutions, while it is slow in neutral or moderately acidic media. In all cases, according to the ESR evidence, Cr(V) species are found as intermediates. The stability of the Cr(V) species increases with increasing pH, so that it may be suggested that the overall reaction rate is controlled by the Cr(V) to Cr(III) conversion. |
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