四川省猛禽多样性及迁徙路线

基于文献、标本馆数据和野外调查记录, 共收集四川省猛禽分布记录数据2,410条, 依此分析了四川省猛禽的分布与迁徙路线。四川省猛禽记录有56种(76种及亚种), 其中隼形目3科41种, 占全国隼形目鸟类总数的64.06%; 鸮形目2科15种, 占全国鸮形目鸟类总数的48.39%; 国家I级重点保护猛禽5种。四川省猛禽总体呈现西部多东部少的格局, 记录最多的平武县有32种; 在垂直分布上以1,000-3,500 m海拔段物种丰富度最高。在四川省境内具有迁徙习性的猛禽有19种, 其中金堂县迁徙猛禽最多。主要迁移路线有3条: 1条属于中亚-印度迁徙路线, 经过四川省西北角的石渠和德格县; 另外2条属东亚-澳大利亚迁徙路线, 其中1条沿四川省盆地西缘的岷山-邛崃山-凉山一线向南到我国云南、缅甸; 另外1条沿四川北部岷山至金堂和南充一线向东南至重庆、贵州。本研究为保护四川猛禽资源和了解猛禽迁徙路线提供了参考。

Diversity and migration routes of raptors in Sichuan Province

Based on published literatures, museum records, and field investigation records, we collected 2,410 records of raptor distribution data, to study the diversity patterns and migration routes of raptors in Sichuan Province. There were 56 species of raptors (76 species and subspecies) recorded in Sichuan. Forty-one species are from 3 families of Falconiformes, accounting for 64.06% of nationwide Falconiformes species, and fifteen species are from 2 families of Strigiformes, accounting for 48.39% of nationwide Strigiformes species. Five key species of raptors are first-class national protected animals. Raptors have a heterogeneous horizontal distribution pattern in Sichuan, as generally the raptors are richer in the western areas than the eastern areas. The county with the greatest species richness (up to 32) was Pingwu County. Species richness peaked at 1,000-3,500 m on an elevational gradient. Nineteen species of raptors have migratory habits in Sichuan while Jintang County has the greatest number of migration raptors. There are three main migration flyways of raptors in Sichuan. The first one belongs to the Central Asia Migration Flyway passing through the Shiqu and Dege County in the north-west region of Sichuan Province. The second flyway passes through the mountains on western side of the Sichuan Basin from Minshan, Qionglai and Liangshan mountains to Yunnan Province even to Burma. The third flyway passes from the Minshan Mountains to Jintang County and Nanchong Plain and finally reaches Chongqing and Guizhou Province. The latter two flyways belong to the East Asia-Australian Migration Flyway. This study provides a valuable reference for studying and protecting raptors as well as improves our understanding regarding the migration routes of raptors in Sichuan.