龙须草种质资源生境特征与主要经济性状比较

龙须草(Eulaliopsis binata)是一种特色野生生物资源, 是优质造纸原料和防止水土流失的优良草种。以往针对龙须草种质资源收集和评价研究近于空白。本文通过对中国内陆龙须草种质资源集中分布的9省20县的实地考察, 收集了20个居群的龙须草样本, 分析了龙须草种质资源生境的主要特征, 并对龙须草种质资源主要经济性状进行比较。结果表明: 收集的龙须草种质资源集中分布于22°-34° N、101°-114° E, 海拔集中在100-1,000 m, 年平均气温在14-22℃, 年日照时数在1,112-2,624 h, 年平均降水量在642-2,330 mm之间。气候因子主成分分析显示, 龙须草分布受温度与降水量影响较大, 其次为海拔和日照时数。不同龙须草种质资源叶长、胞壁厚度、腔径、壁径比、产量等主要经济性状呈现出极显著差异。主要经济性状ward聚类可将收集的龙须草种质资源分为3类, 其中9个种质资源可优先作为优良龙须草筛选育种的参考对象。

Habitat features and principal economic characteristics of Eulaliopsis binata germplasm resources

Eulaliopsis binata, a typical wild living resource, is an excellent grass species which is used as material for papermaking and can prevent water loss and soil erosion. Since there are few studies examining the resource collection and assessment of E. binata, in this paper we attempt to use field studies on concentrated areas of Chinese E. binata germplasm resources in 20 counties in nine provinces, collect 20 kinds of E. binata germplasm resources, analyse the principal living environmental characteristics of collection areas of E. binata germplasm resources, and compare the principal economic characteristics of E. binata germplasm resources. Results showed that the collections of E. binata were mainly located in the ranges of 22°-34° N , 101°-114° E, with an elevation of 100-1,000 m, annual average temperatures of 14-22℃, annual sunshine hour ranges of 1,112-2,624 h, and annual average rainfall amounts between 642-2,330 mm. Principal component analysis of climate factors of E. binata showed that the distribution of E. binata was more influenced by temperature and rainfall, while less so by elevation and sunshine hours. The principal economic characteristics of E. binata germplasm resources, such as leaf length, thickness of cell walls, diameter of the cavity, ratio of cell wall and diameter of cavity and yield, show significant differences. Using ward clustering analysis of the principal economic characteristics, the collected E. binata germplasm resources can be divided into 3 categories, of which nine E. binata germplasm resources can be used as reference species for excellent E. binata selection and breeding. The study provides evidence for the selection of improved varieties and utilization of E. binata germplasm resources.