黄渤海甲壳类的分类多样性

为了解黄渤海甲壳类的分类多样性特征, 我们统计了2010-2015年中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所调查捕获的黄渤海甲壳类(软甲纲: 十足目与口足目)物种名录。结合历史文献, 进一步系统整理得到黄渤海甲壳类物种总名录。基于这2个名录, 应用分类阶元包含指数(the inclusion index at taxonomic level, TINCL_i)、平均分类差异指数(average taxonomic distinctness index, Δ⁺)和分类差异变异指数(variation in taxonomic distinctness index, Λ⁺)研究了其分类多样性特征。结果显示: 2010-2015年调查名录中, 甲壳类共93种, 隶属于2目39科66属, 其中10种为新分布种; 对虾科、藻虾科、长臂虾科、梭子蟹科和弓蟹科的物种数最多, 合计占总物种数的38.71%; TINCL_i分别为1.41种/属和2.38种/科; Δ⁺和Λ⁺分别为50.25和35.20。总名录中, 甲壳类共228种, 隶属于2目53科123属, 其中藻虾科、豆蟹科、对虾科、弓蟹科和鼓虾科的物种数最多, 合计占总物种数的30.70%; TINCL_i分别为1.85种/属和4.30种/科, Δ⁺和Λ⁺分别为50.18和30.87。对虾科的相对丰富度指数(the relative richness index, R_r)最高(100), 其次是梭子蟹科(71.43)和长臂虾科(62.50), 豆蟹科最低(6.25)。黄渤海甲壳类的平均分类差异指数(Δ⁺)明显小于鱼类(P < 0.05)。2010-2015年调查的Δ⁺计算值高于理论值, 且在理论值的95%置信区间内, 说明黄渤海甲壳类群落正处在中等程度的干扰中。

Taxonomic diversity of crustaceans in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

To reveal the taxonomic diversity of crustaceans in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, a species list of crustaceans (Malacostraca: Decapoda and Stomatopoda) was obtained by the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, using survey data collected by bottom trawling from 2010 to 2015. A total species list of crustaceans was also obtained by combining the species list above with historical literature. Based on the above two lists, the inclusion index at taxonomic level (TINCL_i), average taxonomic distinctness index (Δ⁺) and variation in taxonomic distinctness index (Λ⁺) were computed. A total of 93 species of crustaceans, belonging to 2 orders, 39 families, and 66 genera, were recorded from 2010 to 2015. Among these, 10 species were newly recorded. Penaeidae, Hippolytidae, Palaemonidae, Portunidae and Varunidae were among the top 5 families, accounting for 38.71% of the total species. TINCL_i were 1.41 species/genus and 2.38 species/family, respectively. Δ⁺ and Λ⁺ were 50.25 and 35.20, respectively. According to the total species list, a total of 228 species of crustaceans were recorded, belonging to 2 orders, 53 families, and 123 genera. Hippolytidae, Pinnotheridae, Penaeidae, Varunidae and Alpheidae were among the top 5 families, accounting for 30.70% of the total species. TINCL_i were 1.85 species/genus and 4.30 species/family. Δ⁺ and Λ⁺ were 50.18 and 30.87, respectively. The relative richness index (R_r) of Penaeidae (100) was the highest, followed by Portunidae (71.43) and Palaemonidae (62.50). The relative richness index (R_r) of Pinnotheridae (6.25) was the lowest. The average taxonomic distinctness index (Δ⁺) of crustaceans was less than that of fish in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea (P < 0.05). The value of Δ⁺ calculated by recent surveys was higher than the theoretical value and was within the 95% confidence intervals. This result shows that crustacean species in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea were being intermediately disturbed.