Sponge-specific Bacterial Associations of the Mediterranean Sponge <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chondrilla nucula</Emphasis> (Demospongiae,Tetractinomorpha) |
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Authors: | Vera Thiel Sven Leininger Rolf Schmaljohann Franz Brümmer Johannes F Imhoff |
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Institution: | Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften, IFM-GEOMAR, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany. |
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Abstract: | A stable and specific bacterial community was shown to be associated with the Mediterranean sponge Chondrilla nucula. The associated bacterial communities were demonstrated to be highly similar for all studied specimens regardless of sampling
time and geographical region. In addition, analysis of 16S rDNA clone libraries revealed three constantly C. nucula-associated bacterial phylotypes belonging to the Acidobacteria, the Gamma- and Deltaproteobacteria present in sponge specimens from two Mediterranean regions with distinct water masses (Ligurian Sea and Adriatic Sea). For
the first time, candidate division TM7 bacteria were found in marine sponges. A major part (79%) of the C. nucula-derived 16S rDNA sequences were closely related to other sponge-associated bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis identified 14
16S rRNA gene sequence clusters, seven of which consisted of exclusively sponge-derived sequences, whereas the other seven
clusters contained additional environmental sequences. This study adds to a growing database on the stability and variability
of microbial consortia associated with marine sponges. |
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