The effects of exposure to critical thermal maxima on the physiological,metabolic, and immunological responses in adult white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) |
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| Authors: | Fernando Díaz Ana Denisse Re Ariadna Sánchez Honorio Cruz Ricardo A. González L. Noemi Sánchez |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratorio de Ecofisiología de Organismos Acuáticos, Departamento de Biotecnología Marina , Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE) , Ensenada , Mexico fdiaz@cicese.mx;3. Laboratorio de Ecofisiología de Organismos Acuáticos, Departamento de Biotecnología Marina , Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE) , Ensenada , Mexico;4. Unidad Multidiciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias UNAM , Sisal , México;5. Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular , Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE) , Ensenada , México |
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| Abstract: | Exposure to thermal stress was shown to have a significant effect on the osmotic pressure of the hemolymph, glucose levels, total count of hemocyte (TCH), and proPO activity in adult white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Exposure of the shrimp to CTMax significantly increased the osmotic pressure of the hemolymph relative to the control group. In organisms reaching CTMax, temperature elicited a secondary stress response that included an increase in hemolymph glucose of 31?mg?mL?1. Metabolites in hemolymph such as cholesterol, acylglycerides, and total protein were not significantly affected by exposure to CTMax. CTMax exposure affected several immunological parameters causing decreases in TCH and proPO activity. We suggested that biomarkers such as osmolality, glucose levels, TCH, and proPO activity could be used as sensitive predictors of exposure to CTMax in white shrimp. |
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| Keywords: | white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei thermal stress osmotic pressure metabolites immune responses |
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