大洪河水库库区土地利用变化及其社会经济驱动因素

基于农户访问,结合土地利用和社会经济指标,分析了大洪河水库邻水库区的土地利用变化及其驱动因子.结果表明,库区土地利用变化主要体现在淹没征占和移民安置征用.前者发生了土地利用类型的转化,而后者主要是打破了原有土地权属状况,并使地块更加零碎;库区人均耕地0.041 hm2,低于联合国粮农组织(FAO)警戒线.人均粮食和人均收入均较少,有30.25%的农户一年中有3个月缺粮,且35.27%的居民生活在贫困线以下;库区生态环境状况较差,健康的和较健康的生态系统所占比重较少,分别由环库区缓冲带及水田和经济林果用地生态系统组成;人口快速增长是导致库区人地关系变革的关键因素,乡村经济低下决定库区移民的生产决策,而移民信仰则在一定程度上影响库区土地利用格局,是库区土地利用格局保持稳定的诱导性力量.

Land use change and its socio-economic driving forces in Dahong River Reservoir area

Based on the interview with farm households and the land use and socio-economic survey, this paper analyzed the land use change and its driving forces in Linshui reservoir area of Dahong River Reservoir constructed in the 1950s. The results showed that the land use change in this area was mainly represented in low-lying land submergence and migration requisition. The former changed the land use pattern, while the latter reconstructed the original land property and made the land over-fragmented. The cultivated land per capita was 0.041 hm2, which was below the cordon of cultivated land per capita enacted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations (FAO). Up to now, there were still 30.25% of farm households being short of grain in trimester of one year, and 35.27% of the people still lived under poverty line. The eco-environment in this area was quite poor, and the healthy and sub-healthy eco-environment only occupied a small proportion, which was composed of the shelterbelts around the reservoir and the paddy fields, economic forests and orchards. Rapid population increase was the key factor inducing the change of man-land relationships in the area, and the low level of rural economy was the crucial factor deciding the decision-making of production by the emigrants. The belief of emigrants affected the land use patterns in a certain extent, and was the inducing factor of keeping land use whether stable or not.