采用RAPD技术探讨花椒的遗传多样性及其与环境的关系

采用RAPD分子标记方法分析11个花椒品种的遗传多样性，以及遗传多样性与环境因素的相关性。从60条随机引物中筛选出10条引物，共扩增出67条带，平均每个引物扩增出6．7条，其中56条具有多态性，多态比例为84％。根据品种间的遗传距离构建的聚类分析树状图，11个花椒品种的相似系数在0．08-0．92之间，可分为2个类群，这种分类与花椒的叶的外形分类结果一致。不同地域种植的同一品种材料遗传距离较大，显示花椒的遗传多样性与地域分布有关系。

Exploring Genetic Diversity and Its Relations to Environmental Factors in Zan- thoxylum bungeanum Maxim. by RAPD Technique

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） was used to analyze the genetic diversity and its relations with environmental factors in 11 cultivars of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.. Ten primers were screened out of 60 random primers. A total of 67 detectable fragments were amplified with an average of 6.7 bands per primer. Fifty-six fragments were polymorphic and the percentage was about 84%. We also used the result of RAPD to assess the genetic distance and to perform clustering analysis. The genetic similarity coeffi- cient was 0.08-0.92 among 11 cultivars of Z. bungeanum. The 11 cultivars of Z bungeanum could be divided into two major clusters and this taxonomy was consistent with the one according to leaf morphology. The abundant genetic differentiation of Z. bungeanum in different regions indicated the genetic variation of Z. bungeanum was related with regional differences.