Calcium binding and allosteric signaling mechanisms for the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase

The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) is a membrane-bound pump that utilizes ATP to drive calcium ions from the myocyte cytosol against the higher calcium concentration in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Conformational transitions associated with Ca(2+) -binding are important to its catalytic function. We have identified collective motions that partition SERCA crystallographic structures into multiple catalytically-distinct states using principal component analysis. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we demonstrate the important contribution of surface-exposed, polar residues in the diffusional encounter of Ca(2+) . Molecular dynamics simulations indicate the role of Glu309 gating in binding Ca(2+) , as well as subsequent changes in the dynamics of SERCA's cytosolic domains. Together these data provide structural and dynamical insights into a multistep process involving Ca(2+) binding and catalytic transitions.