Seasonal and interannual variability of size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass and community structure at station Kerfix, off the Kerguelen Islands, Antarctica |
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Authors: | Fiala Michel; Kopczynska Elzbieta E; Jeandel Catherine; Oriol Louise; Vetion Giles |
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Institution: | Laboratoire Arago, Universit P & M. Curie UMR-CNRS 7621,66650 Banyuls sur-mer, France
1Department of Antarctic Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences Ustrzycka 10, 02141 Warszawa, Poland
2Observed Midi-Pyrnes UMR CNRS 5566, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France |
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Abstract: | Time series of phytoplankton biomass and taxonomic compositionhave been obtained for the 3 years 1992, 1993 and 1994 in thenorthern part of the Southern Ocean (station Kerfix, 5040'S,6825;E) Autotrophic biomass was low throughout the year (<0.2mg m3 except during a short period in summer when a maximumof 1.2 mg chlorophyll (Chl) a m was reached. During winter,the integrated biomass was low (<10 mg m2) and associatedwith deeply mixed water, whereas the high summer biomass (>20mg m2) was associated with increased water column stability.During summer blooms, the >10 µ;m size fraction contributed60% to total integrated biomass. Large autotrophic dinoflagellates,mainly Prorocentrum spp., were associated with the summer phytoplankton maxima and accounted for >80% of the total autotrophcarbon biomass. In November and December, the presence of thelarge heterotrophic dinoflagellates Protoperidinium spp. andGyro dinium spp. contributed a high proportion of total carbonbiomass. During winter, the <10 µm size fraction contributed80% of total Chi a biomass with domination of the picoplanktonsize fraction. The natural assemblage included mainly nakedflagellates such as species of the Prasinophyceae, Cryptophyceaeand Prymnesiophyceae. During spring, picocyanobacteria occurredin sub-surface water with a maximum abundance in September of106 cells 11 |
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