T help requirements for the generation of an in vivo IgE response: a late acting form of T cell help other than IL-4 is required for IgE but not for IgG1 production

To further define requirements for T cell help in the stimulation of an in vivo IgE response, we studied a system in which the injection of mice with a goat antibody to mouse IgD (GaMD) stimulates large polyclonal IgG1 and IgE responses. In this system, both responses are blocked by anti-CD4 antibody, but only the IgE response is blocked by (anti-IL-4) antibody. Anti-CD4 antibody, if injected 5 days after GaMD, was found to inhibit the GaMD-induced IgE response to a much greater extent than the IgG1 response, even though both responses occur simultaneously and are inhibited to an equal extent by optimal or suboptimal doses of anti-CD4 antibody administered 2 days after GaMD. Even a suboptimal, 50-micrograms dose of anti-CD4 antibody, when injected 5 days after GaMD, inhibited the IgE response to a much greater extent than did an optimal 10-mg dose of anti-IL-4 antibody injected at the same time, even though 10 mg of anti-IL-4 antibody more completely inhibited GaMD-induced IgE production than did 50 micrograms of anti-CD4 antibody when injected 2 days after GaMD. These observations provide evidence that a late acting form of T cell help other than IL-4 is important for the generation of an IgE response but not an IgG1 response in GaMD-immunized mice.