栉角雪萤的荧光酶基因结构及其系统发育分析

短角窗萤属是萤科第四大属，但未见有该属物种荧光酶基因的研究报道。通过对总基因组的PCR扩增，对该属的栉角雪萤荧光酶基因进行了测序分析。基因序列长1958bp。与已知荧光酶基因进行同源性比较后推断，栉角雪萤的荧光酶基因由7个外显子和6个内含子组成，编码547个氨基酸残基；由推导的氨基酸序列进行同源性比较后发现，栉角雪萤的荧光酶基因与同一亚科中Lampyrini族和Cratomorphini族分别具有93—94％和92％相似性，而与北美萤火虫Photinus pyralis（Photinini族）的相似性较低（83％）。系统发育分析进一步表明栉角雪萤与Pyrocoelia、Lampyris、Cratomorphus和Photinus同属于萤亚科，且与前3个属的亲缘关系较近。这在一定程度上与形态（Branham＆Wenzel，2003）及线粒体DNA（Lietal，2006）系统发育分析所得结果一致。

Phylogenetic Relationship of the Firefly, Diaphanes pectinealis (Insecta, Coleoptera, Lampyridae) Based on DNA Sequence and Gene Structure of Luciferase

Diaphanes is the fourth largest genus in Lampyridae, but no luciferase gene from this genus has been reported. In this paper, by PCR amplification of the genomic DNA, the luciferase gene of Diaphanes pectinealis, which is the first case from Diaphanes, was identified and sequenced. The luciferase gene from D. pectinealis spans 1958 base pairs (bp) from the start to the stop codon, including seven exons separated by six introns, and encoding a 547-residuelong polypeptide. Its deduced amino acid sequence showed high protein similarity to those of the Lampyrini tribe (93 -94%) and the Cratomorphini tribe (92%), while low similarity was found with the North American firefly Photinus pyralis (83%) of the Photinini tribe within the same subfamily Lampyrinae. The phylogenetic analysis performed with the deduced amino acid sequences of the luciferase gene further confirms that D. pectinealis, Pyrocoelia, Lampyris, Cratomorphus, and Photinus belong to the same subfamily Lampyrinae, and Diaphanes is closely related to Pyrocoelia, Lampyris,and Cratomorphus. Furthemore, the phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the luciferase gene indicates Diaphanes is a sister to Lampyris. The phylogenetic analyses are partly consistent with morphological (Branham & Wenzel, 2003) and mitochondrial DNA analyses (Li et al, 2006).