Polymorphisms and haplotypes in MyD88 are associated with the development of sarcoidosis: a candidate-gene association study |
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Authors: | Z. Daniil V. Mollaki F. Malli A. Koutsokera K. M. Antoniou P. Rodopoulou K. Gourgoulianis E. Zintzaras G. Vassilopoulos |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly School of Medicine, Larissa, Greece 2. Genetics and Gene Therapy Lab, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Str., 11527, Athens, Greece 3. Department of Thoracic Medicine, University of Kriti School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece 4. Department of Biomathematics, University of Thessaly School of Medicine, Larissa, Greece 5. The Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA 6. Division of Haematology, University of Thessaly School of Medicine, Larissa, Greece
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Abstract: | Sarcoidosis is considered as a disorder of protracted immune response to an as yet unidentified causative agent that leads to granuloma formation. Material from M. tuberculosis and P. acne has been repeatedly detected in the sarcoidosis lesions, implying the involvement of the Toll-like receptor2 (TLR2) gene that responds to these intracellular pathogens. Since TLR2 association studies have produced controversial results, we sought to investigate whether the downstream signalling molecule MyD88 could be linked to disease susceptibility. We analyzed a total of 93 cases with sarcoidosis and of 89 controls for the most common MyD88 SNPs: ?938C>A (rs4988453) and 1944C>G (rs4988457). There is evidence that the genotype distributions of both variants are associated with the development of sarcoidosis (p = 0.038 for ?938C>A and p = 0.026 for 1944C>G). In particular, ?938A and 1944G carriers were associated with risk of sarcoidosis [OR = 2.48 (1.23–5.02) and OR = 0.33 (0.14–0.76)], respectively, indicating dominance of the mutant alleles; however, the adjustment of the effect size for age and sex diminished the significance. The haplotype analysis showed association for the ?938A/1944G haplotype (p < 0.001). Since genetic association studies have linked MyD88 to Hodgkin’s lymphoma it is tempting to speculate that MyD88 may contribute to the granuloma formation that characterizes sarcoidosis. |
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