Clathrin’s life beyond 40: Connecting biochemistry with physiology and disease |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK;2. Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck and University College London, 14 Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK;1. Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, 50 South Drive, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;3. Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom;4. Institute of Cell Biology/Electron Microscopy, Centre of Anatomy, Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany;5. Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and The G.W. Hooper Foundation, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143;6. Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan;12. Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom;8. Department of Biological Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA;2. George Williams Hooper Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA |
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| Abstract: | Understanding of the range and mechanisms of clathrin functions has developed exponentially since clathrin's discovery in 1975. Here, newly established molecular mechanisms that regulate clathrin activity and connect clathrin pathways to differentiation, disease and physiological processes such as glucose metabolism are reviewed. Diversity and commonalities of clathrin pathways across the tree of life reveal species-specific differences enabling functional plasticity in both membrane traffic and cytokinesis. New structural information on clathrin coat formation and cargo interactions emphasises the interplay between clathrin, adaptor proteins, lipids and cargo, and how this interplay regulates quality control of clathrin’s function and is compromised in infection and neurological disease. Roles for balancing clathrin-mediated cargo transport are defined in stem cell development and additional disease states. |
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| Keywords: | Clathrin Clathrin-mediated endocytosis Membrane traffic Clathrin-actin interaction Clathrin-microtubule interaction |
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