Morphology and taxonomy of Pseudokeronopsis rubra (Ehrenberg, 1836) and Pseudokeronopsis parasongi sp. nov. (Ciliophora,Hypotrichia, Urostylida) from the Yellow Sea |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;1. Ookusa Animal Clinic, Ookusa 503, Matsue, Shimane 690-0032, Japan;2. Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, Atlanta, USA;3. Department of Environmental Sciences and Environmental Health, Emory University and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA;4. Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan;1. School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, 62032, MC, Italy;2. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, South Korea;3. Department of Microbiology III, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, José Antonio Novais 12, Madrid, 28040, Spain;1. Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700 053, India;2. School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy;1. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;2. Guangzhou No. 71 Middle School, Guangzhou 510470, China;1. Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China;2. Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi Xilu 127, 710072, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China;1. Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China;3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea;4. Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise 83725, USA;5. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China |
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| Abstract: | Pseudokeronopsis rubra (Ehrenberg, 1836), type species of Pseudokeronopsis, is a widely reported but taxonomically confused species with most available sequences either misidentified or dubious. Based on the Yellow Sea population, of which the molecular data have been analyzed in a previous work, we redescribe P. rubra and try to clarify the identifications of the populations designated as P. rubra or those allocated to this species. Nonetheless, there is still a need of integrated investigation of the species combing both morphological and molecular data based on specimens from its type locality. Recent molecular analyses indicate a Yellow Sea population of Pseudokeronopsis (marked as P. cf. songi) likely represents a new species. Here we describe it as P. parasongi sp. nov. based on the specimens from the same population. The new species possesses a yellow-brownish body with both pigmented cortical granules and colorless blood cell-shaped structures underneath the body surface, invariably one contractile vacuole at 66% of body length and occasionally a second one at 25%, and the midventral complex terminating 2–23 μm ahead of 2–4 transverse cirri. It differs from closely related species by its yellow-brownish body color and separates from them in the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and COI genetic distances. |
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| Keywords: | Marine ciliates New species Taxonomy Urostylida Yellow Sea |
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